The Guercy 1 Neanderthal cranium from Baume Moula-Guercy (Soyons, Ardeche) - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Accéder directement au contenu
Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2019

The Guercy 1 Neanderthal cranium from Baume Moula-Guercy (Soyons, Ardeche)

Résumé

The Moula-Guercy Cave overlooks the Rhone River, Ardèche. Work at this site provides one of the most important samples for reconstructing the paleoenvironment and culture of Mousterian peoples occupying this region during the Eemian Interglacial (MIS 5e, 127-117 kya). Whereas 20 stratigraphic levels have been recognized, hominin remains derive solely from level XV, biostratigraphically dated at 100-120 kya. Here we provide a metric and morphological assessment of the Guercy 1 cranium and an isolated occipital fragment. Guercy 1 comprises portions of the frontal and right/left parietals. Morphologically the cranium is of a young adult female while the occipital is aged at ≈7.0 years. Both the cranium and the M-S-41/M-S-61 occipital were virtually reconstructed, with mirror-imaging of missing regions. Endocasts were segmented from volumes with 0.3mm isotropic voxels. Metric and morphological comparisons were made with European and Middle Eastern Middle-to-Late Pleistocene (≈MIS 14 – MIS 2 to ≈1) hominins (n=183). Guercy 1 has a flat, broad, and short frontal (cf. Artenac 1). Supraorbital torus and sulcus development is weak but similar to Neanderthals. Parietal curvatures show affinities to Late Neanderthals, but the maximum breadth is midparietal. Cranial vault height is low relative to Late Neanderthals. The endocranium differs from Late Neanderthals in the absence of parietal lobe expansion in the vertex and euryonic regions. The middle meningeal vasculature is similar to Early/Late Neanderthals. The occipital fragment is typical of Early/Late Neanderthals. Moula-Guercy Neanderthals possess distinctive regional features and sample females of a poorly represented age range in Eemian age Neanderthals.
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Dates et versions

hal-02293287 , version 1 (20-09-2019)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-02293287 , version 1

Citer

Rebecca S. Jabbour, Gary D. Richards, Gaspard Guipert, Alban Defleur. The Guercy 1 Neanderthal cranium from Baume Moula-Guercy (Soyons, Ardeche). 88th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Apr 2017, New-Orleans, United States. pp.111-112. ⟨hal-02293287⟩
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