High Frequency of Viral Co-Detections in Acute Bronchiolitis

Hortense Petat (1, 2) , Vincent Gajdos (3) , François Angoulvant (4, 5) , Pierre-Olivier Vidalain (6) , Sandrine Corbet (2) , Christophe Marguet (7) , Jacques Brouard (8) , Astrid Vabret (2, 1) , Meriadeg Ar Gouilh (2, 1)

1 GRAM 2.0 - Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne
2 Service de Virologie [CHU Caen]
3 AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart]
4 Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]
5 CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138) - Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers
6 VIRIMI - Infection virale, métabolisme et immunité - Viral Infection, Metabolism and Immunity
7 CIC Rouen - Centre d'Investigation Clinique [CHU Rouen]
8 Service de Pédiatrie Médicale [Caen]

Over two years (2012–2014), 719 nasopharyngeal samples were collected from 6-week- to 12-month-old infants presenting at the emergency department with moderate to severe acute bronchiolitis. Viral testing was performed, and we found that 98% of samples were positive, including 90% for respiratory syncytial virus, 34% for human rhino virus, and 55% for viral co-detections, with a predominance of RSV/HRV co-infections (30%). Interestingly, we found that the risk of being infected by HRV is higher in the absence of RSV, suggesting interferences or exclusion mechanisms between these two viruses. Conversely, coronavirus infection had no impact on the likelihood of co-infection involving HRV and RSV. Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalizations in infants before 12 months of age, and many questions about its role in later chronic respiratory diseases (asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) exist. The role of virus detection and the burden of viral codetections need to be further explored, in order to understand the physiopathology of chronic respiratory diseases, a major public health issue

Mots clés: high respiratory syncytial virus; molecular diagnostic; respiratory viruses; coronavirus; bronchiolitis

Domaines: Virologie

Hortense Petat, Vincent Gajdos, François Angoulvant, Pierre-Olivier Vidalain, Sandrine Corbet, et al.. High Frequency of Viral Co-Detections in Acute Bronchiolitis. Viruses, 2021, 13 (6), pp.990. ⟨10.3390/v13060990⟩. ⟨hal-03248651⟩